1、 Floor support plate

又稱鋼承板、建筑壓型鋼板，采用鍍鋅鋼板經(jīng)輥壓冷彎成型，其截面成V型、U型、梯形或類似這幾種形狀的波形，主要用作永久性模板，也可被選為其他用途。

Also known as steel bearing plate or building profiled steel plate, it is formed by rolling and cold bending of galvanized steel plate. Its cross-section is V-shaped, U-shaped, trapezoidal or similar waveforms, mainly used as permanent formwork, and can also be selected for other purposes.

在使用階段樓承板作為混凝土樓板的受拉鋼筋，也提高了樓板的剛度，節(jié)省了鋼筋和混凝土的用量。壓型板表面壓紋使樓承板與混凝土之間產(chǎn)生大的結(jié)合力，使二者形成整體，配以加勁肋，使樓承板系統(tǒng)具有高強(qiáng)承載力。壓型鋼板組合板(樓承板,鋼承板)是一種十分合理的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，它能夠按其各組成部件所處的位置和特點(diǎn)，充分發(fā)揮鋼材抗拉和混凝土抗壓性能好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并具有良好的抗震性能、施工性能。這種結(jié)構(gòu)目前被廣泛應(yīng)用于國(guó)內(nèi)外多高層建筑中。樓承板和普通鋼筋混凝土樓板對(duì)比1. 樓承板可作為現(xiàn)澆混凝土的永久模版，省掉了施工中安裝和拆除模板的工序；2. 樓承板安裝好之后可以作為施工平臺(tái)使用，同時(shí)由于不必使用臨時(shí)支撐，也不影響下一層施工平面的工作；3. 樓承板可作為樓板的底筋使用，減少了安裝板筋的工作量；4. 根據(jù)壓型板剛才的不同界面形狀，多可以減少30%的樓板混凝土用量，減少樓板自重又可以相應(yīng)的減少梁、柱和基礎(chǔ)的尺寸，提高了結(jié)構(gòu)的整體性能；

During the use stage, the floor support plate serves as the tensile steel bar for the concrete floor slab, which also improves the stiffness of the floor slab and saves the amount of steel and concrete used. The embossing on the surface of the profiled plate creates a large bonding force between the floor bearing plate and the concrete, forming a whole between the two. Coupled with stiffeners, the floor bearing plate system has a high-strength bearing capacity. Profiled steel plate composite plate (floor support plate, steel support plate) is a very reasonable structural form, which can fully utilize the advantages of good tensile and compressive properties of steel and concrete according to the positions and characteristics of its constituent components, and has good seismic and construction performance. This structure is currently widely used in high-rise buildings both domestically and internationally. Comparison between floor support plate and ordinary reinforced concrete floor slab 1 The floor support plate can be used as a permanent template for cast-in-place concrete, eliminating the process of installing and removing templates during construction; 2. After the installation of the floor support plate, it can be used as a construction platform, and as there is no need to use temporary support, it does not affect the work of the next floor construction plane; 3. The floor support plate can be used as the bottom reinforcement of the floor slab, reducing the workload of installing the plate reinforcement; 4. According to the different interface shapes of the pressed plate, the amount of concrete used in the floor slab can be reduced by 30%, reducing the self weight of the floor slab and correspondingly reducing the size of beams, columns, and foundations, thereby improving the overall performance of the structure;

二、工型鋼

2、 I-shaped steel

稱鋼梁，是截面為工字形的長(zhǎng)條鋼材。其規(guī)格以腰高（h）*腿寬（b）*腰厚（d）的毫米數(shù)表示，如“工160*88*6”，即表示腰高160毫米，腿寬88毫米，腰厚6毫米的工型鋼。工字鋼分普通工字鋼、輕型工字鋼和H型鋼三種。

A steel beam is a long strip of steel with an I-shaped cross-section. Its specifications are expressed in millimeters of waist height (h) * leg width (b) * waist thickness (d), such as "I 160 * 88 * 6", which means I steel with a waist height of 160 millimeters, leg width of 88 millimeters, and waist thickness of 6 millimeters. I-beams are divided into three types: ordinary I-beams, light I-beams, and H-beams.

普通工型鋼和輕型工型鋼的翼緣由根部向邊上逐漸變薄的，有一定角度。由于它們截面尺寸相對(duì)較高、較窄，故對(duì)截面兩個(gè)主袖的慣性矩相差較大，因此，一般僅用于在腹板平面內(nèi)受彎的構(gòu)件或?qū)⑵浣M成格構(gòu)式受力構(gòu)件。對(duì)軸心受壓構(gòu)件或在垂直于腹板平面還有彎曲的構(gòu)件均不采用，這是其在應(yīng)用范圍上有著很大的局限。工字鋼廣泛用于各種建筑結(jié)構(gòu)、橋梁、車輛、支架、機(jī)械等。

The flange of ordinary and light I-beams gradually thins from the root to the edge, with a certain angle. Due to their relatively high and narrow cross-sectional dimensions, there is a significant difference in the moment of inertia between the two main sleeves of the cross-section. Therefore, they are generally only used for components that are bent in the plane of the web or to form a lattice load-bearing component. It is not used for axially compressed components or components that are perpendicular to the web plane and still curved, which has significant limitations in its application range. I-beam is widely used in various building structures, bridges, vehicles, brackets, machinery, etc.

三、C型鋼

3、 C-shaped steel

都是經(jīng)熱卷板冷彎加工，由C型鋼成型機(jī)自動(dòng)加工而成的。

They are all processed by hot rolling and cold bending, and automatically processed by a C-shaped steel forming machine.

壁薄自重輕，截面性能優(yōu)良，強(qiáng)度高，與傳統(tǒng)槽鋼相比，同等強(qiáng)度可節(jié)約材料30%。

The wall is thin and lightweight, with excellent cross-sectional performance and high strength. Compared with traditional channel steel, the same strength can save material by 30%.

C型鋼檁條按高度不同分為80、100、120、140、160五種規(guī)格，長(zhǎng)度可以根據(jù)工程設(shè)計(jì)而確定，但考慮到運(yùn)輸和安裝等條件，全長(zhǎng)一般不超過(guò)12米。C型鋼廣泛應(yīng)用于鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的檁條，墻梁，也可自行組合成輕量型屋架、托架等建筑構(gòu)件。此外，還可用于機(jī)械輕工制造中的柱、梁和臂等。

C-shaped steel purlins are divided into five specifications based on their height: 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160. The length can be determined according to engineering design, but considering transportation and installation conditions, the total length generally does not exceed 12 meters. C-shaped steel is widely used in purlins and wall beams of steel structures, and can also be self assembled into lightweight building components such as roof trusses and brackets. In addition, it can also be used for columns, beams, and arms in mechanical light industry manufacturing.

四、H型鋼

4、 H-shaped steel

是由工字型鋼優(yōu)化發(fā)展而成的一種斷面力學(xué)性能更為優(yōu)良的經(jīng)濟(jì)型斷面鋼材尤其斷面與英文字母“H”相同而得名。H型鋼分為、寬翼緣型鋼（HW）、中翼緣H型鋼(HM)、窄翼緣H型鋼（HN）、薄壁H鋼（HT）、H型鋼（HU）。

It is an economical section steel with better mechanical properties that has been optimized and developed from I-shaped steel, especially named after the same section as the English letter "H". H-shaped steel is divided into wide flange steel (HW), medium flange H-shaped steel (HM), narrow flange H-shaped steel (HN), thin-walled H-shaped steel (HT), and H-shaped steel (HU).

H型鋼是一種新型經(jīng)濟(jì)建筑用鋼。H型鋼截面形狀經(jīng)濟(jì)合理，力學(xué)性能好，軋制時(shí)截面上各點(diǎn)延伸較均勻、內(nèi)應(yīng)力小，與普通工字鋼比較，具有截面模數(shù)大、重量輕、節(jié)省金屬的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可使建筑結(jié)構(gòu)減輕30-40%；又因其腿內(nèi)外側(cè)平行，腿端是直角，拼裝組合成構(gòu)件，可節(jié)約焊接、鉚接工作量達(dá)25%。常用于承載能力大、截面穩(wěn)定性好的大型建筑中的支架、基礎(chǔ)樁等。H型鋼的優(yōu)點(diǎn)（1）翼緣寬，側(cè)向剛度大?？箯澞芰?qiáng)。（2）翼緣兩表面相互平行使得連接、加工、安裝簡(jiǎn)便。（3）與焊攝工字鋼相比，成本低，精度高，殘余應(yīng)力小，無(wú)需昂貴的焊接材料和焊縫檢測(cè)，節(jié)約鋼結(jié)構(gòu)制作成本30%左右。（4）相同截面負(fù)荷下．熱軋H鋼結(jié)構(gòu)比傳統(tǒng)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)重量減輕15%-20%。（5）與砼（tong）結(jié)構(gòu)相比，熱軋H鋼結(jié)構(gòu)可增大6%的使用面積，而結(jié)構(gòu)自重減輕20%一30%，減少結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)力。（6）H型鋼可加工成T型鋼，蜂窩梁可經(jīng)組合形成各種截面形式，極大滿足工程設(shè)計(jì)與制作需求。

H-beam is a new type of economic building steel. H-shaped steel has an economical and reasonable cross-sectional shape, good mechanical properties, and uniform extension at various points on the section during rolling with low internal stress. Compared with ordinary I-shaped steel, it has the advantages of large cross-sectional modulus, light weight, and metal saving, which can reduce the weight of building structures by 30-40%; Due to the parallel inner and outer sides of its legs and the right angle of its legs, it can be assembled into components, saving up to 25% of the welding and riveting workload. Commonly used as supports, foundation piles, etc. in large buildings with high load-bearing capacity and good cross-sectional stability. The advantages of H-beam (1) wide flange and high lateral stiffness. Strong bending resistance. (2) The two surfaces of the flange are parallel to each other, making it easy to connect, process, and install. (3) Compared with welded I-beams, it has low cost, high accuracy, low residual stress, no need for expensive welding materials and weld seam testing, and can save about 30% of steel structure production costs. (4) Under the same cross-sectional load, the weight of hot-rolled H-steel structures is reduced by 15% -20% compared to traditional steel structures. (5) Compared with concrete (tong) structures, hot-rolled H-steel structures can increase their usage area by 6%, while reducing their self weight by 20-30% and reducing the internal force of structural design. (6) H-shaped steel can be processed into T-shaped steel, and honeycomb beams can be combined to form various cross-sectional forms, greatly meeting the needs of engineering design and production.