工字鋼主要分為普通工字鋼、輕型工字鋼和寬翼緣工字鋼。按翼緣與腹板高度比又分為寬幅、中幅、窄幅寬翼緣工字鋼。前兩者生產(chǎn)的規(guī)格為10-60號，即相應(yīng)的高度為10-60cm。
I-beams are mainly divided into ordinary I-beams, light I-beams, and wide flange I-beams. According to the height ratio of the flange to the web, it is further divided into wide, medium, and narrow width flange I-beams. The specifications produced by the first two are sizes 10 to 60, which corresponds to a height of 10-60cm.
在相同高度下，輕型工字鋼翼緣窄、腹板薄、重 量輕。寬翼緣工字鋼又稱H型鋼，斷面特點是兩腿平行，且腿內(nèi)側(cè)沒有斜度。它屬于經(jīng)濟(jì)斷面型鋼，是在四輥萬能軋機(jī)上軋制的，所以又稱“萬能工字鋼”。普通工字鋼、輕型工字鋼已經(jīng)形成國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
At the same height, lightweight I-beams have narrow flanges, thin web plates, and light weight. Wide flange I-beam, also known as H-beam, has a cross-sectional feature where the legs are parallel and there is no inclination on the inside of the legs. It belongs to the economic section steel and is rolled on a four high universal rolling mill, so it is also known as the "universal I-beam". Ordinary I-beam and light I-beam have already formed national standards.
工字鋼如名所示，是一種“工”字形截面型鋼，上下翼緣內(nèi)表面有傾斜度，一般為1：6，使得翼緣外薄而內(nèi)厚，因此造成工字鋼在兩個主平面的截面特性相差巨大，在應(yīng)用中難以發(fā)揮剛才的強(qiáng)度特性。雖然工字鋼市場上上也出現(xiàn)了加厚工字鋼，但工字鋼的結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)決定了其抗扭性能短板。
I-beam, as the name suggests, is a type of "I-shaped" cross-sectional steel with an inclination of 1:6 on the inner surface of the upper and lower flanges, making the flanges thin on the outside and thick on the inside. As a result, the cross-sectional characteristics of I-beam in the two main planes differ greatly, making it difficult to fully utilize the strength characteristics of the previous section in application. Although thickened I-beams have also appeared in the I-beam market, the structure of I-beams has determined their short torsional performance.
H型鋼
H-shaped steel
H型鋼是一種截面面積分配更加優(yōu)化、強(qiáng)重比更加合理的經(jīng)濟(jì)斷面高效型材，因其斷面與英文字母“H”相同而得名。由于H型鋼的各個部位均以直角排布，因此H型鋼在各個方向上都具有抗彎能力強(qiáng)、施工簡單、節(jié)約成本和結(jié)構(gòu)重量輕等優(yōu)點，已被廣泛應(yīng)用。
H-beam is an economical and efficient profile with a more optimized cross-sectional area distribution and a more reasonable strength to weight ratio, named after the same section as the English letter "H". Due to the fact that all parts of H-beam are arranged at right angles, H-beam has advantages such as strong bending resistance, simple construction, cost savings, and light structural weight in all directions, and has been widely used.
動圖封面
Moving Picture Cover
H型鋼是當(dāng)今鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑中應(yīng)用廣泛的型材，它與工字鋼相比有很多區(qū)別。首先是翼緣，其次翼緣內(nèi)表面沒有傾斜度，上下表面平行。H型鋼的截面特性要明顯優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的工字鋼、槽鋼和角鋼。
H-beam is a widely used profile in steel structure buildings today, and it has many differences compared to I-beam. Firstly, there is the flange, and secondly, the inner surface of the flange has no inclination, and the upper and lower surfaces are parallel. The cross-sectional characteristics of H-beams are significantly superior to traditional I-beams, channel steels, and angle steels.
H型鋼的兩條外邊內(nèi)側(cè)沒有斜度，是平直的。這使得H型鋼的焊接拼接比工字鋼操作簡單，單位重量的力學(xué)性能更好，可以節(jié)省大量的材料和施工時間。工字鋼截面受直壓力好，耐拉，但是截面尺寸因翼板太窄，不能抗扭。H鋼則反之，兩者各有優(yōu)劣。
The two outer and inner edges of the H-shaped steel have no inclination and are straight. This makes the welding and splicing of H-shaped steel easier to operate than I-shaped steel, with better mechanical properties per unit weight, which can save a lot of materials and construction time. The I-beam section has good resistance to direct pressure and tension, but the section size cannot resist torsion due to the narrow wing plate. H steel, on the other hand, has its own advantages and disadvantages.
H型鋼與工字鋼的區(qū)別和用途說明
Differences and usage instructions between H-beam and I-beam
1、工字型鋼不論是普通型還是輕型的，由于截面尺寸均相對較高、較窄，故對截面兩個主袖的慣性矩相差較大，因此，一般僅能直接用于在其腹板平面內(nèi)受彎的構(gòu)件或?qū)⑵浣M成格構(gòu)式受力構(gòu)件。對軸心受壓構(gòu)件或在垂直于腹板平面還有彎曲的構(gòu)件均不宜采用，這就使其在應(yīng)用范圍上有著很大的局限。
1. I-shaped steel, whether ordinary or lightweight, has relatively high and narrow cross-sectional dimensions, resulting in a significant difference in the moment of inertia between the two main sleeves of the cross-section. Therefore, it can generally only be directly used for components that are bent in the plane of its web or to form a lattice load-bearing component. It is not suitable to use axial compression components or components with bending perpendicular to the web plane, which limits their application range.
2、H型鋼屬于高效經(jīng)濟(jì)裁面型材(其它還有冷彎薄壁型鋼、壓型鋼板等)，由于截面形狀合理，它們能使鋼材更高地發(fā)揮效能，提高承裁能力。不同于普通工字型的是H型鋼的翼緣進(jìn)行了加寬，且內(nèi)、外表面通常是平行的，這樣可便于用高強(qiáng)度螺栓和其他構(gòu)件連接。其尺寸構(gòu)成合理系列，型號齊全，便于設(shè)計選用（除了吊車梁用工字型鋼） 。
2. H-shaped steel belongs to efficient and economical cutting profiles (including cold-formed thin-walled steel, profiled steel plates, etc.). Due to their reasonable cross-sectional shape, they can enhance the efficiency of the steel and improve its cutting capacity. Unlike ordinary I-beams, the flange of H-beams has been widened, and the inner and outer surfaces are usually parallel, making it easier to connect with high-strength bolts and other components. Its size composition is reasonable and the series is complete, making it convenient for design and selection (except for I-shaped steel used for crane beams).
3、H型鋼的翼緣都是等厚度的，有軋制截面，也有由3塊板焊接組成的組合截面。工字鋼都是軋制截面，由于生產(chǎn)工藝差，翼緣內(nèi)邊有1：10坡度。Ｈ型鋼的軋制不同于普通工字鋼僅用一套水平軋輥，由于其翼緣較寬且無斜度(或斜度很小)，故須增設(shè)一組立式軋輥同時進(jìn)行輥軋，因此，其軋制工藝和設(shè)備都比普通軋機(jī)復(fù)雜。國內(nèi)可生產(chǎn)的大軋制H型鋼高度為800ｍｍ，超過了只能是焊接組合截面。
3. The flanges of H-shaped steel are of equal thickness, with rolled sections and composite sections composed of three welded plates. I-beams are all rolled sections, and due to poor production technology, there is a 1:10 slope on the inner edge of the flange. The rolling of H-beam steel is different from ordinary I-beam steel, which only uses one set of horizontal rollers. Due to its wide flange and no slope (or very small slope), it is necessary to add a set of vertical rollers for rolling at the same time. Therefore, its rolling process and equipment are more complex than ordinary rolling mills. The maximum height of rolled H-beam that can be produced domestically is 800mm, which can only be welded composite sections.
4. 工字鋼的邊長小，高度大，只能承受單方向的力。
4. The side length of I-beams is small and the height is large, and they can only withstand forces in a single direction.
5. H型鋼槽深，厚度大，可以承受兩個方向的力。
5. The H-shaped steel groove is deep and thick, and can withstand forces in two directions.
6. 隨著鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的發(fā)展需要，只有工字鋼是不行的，就是加厚工字鋼，用于承重柱容易失穩(wěn)。
6. With the development of steel structure buildings, only I-beams are not feasible, that is, thickened I-beams, which are prone to instability when used for load-bearing columns.
7. 工字鋼只能用于橫梁，而H型鋼才能用于結(jié)構(gòu)的承重柱。
7. I-beams can only be used for beams, while H-beams can only be used for load-bearing columns in structures.
8.H型鋼是一種斷面力學(xué)性能較工字鋼優(yōu)良的經(jīng)濟(jì)型斷面鋼材，因其斷面的形狀與英文字母“H”相同而得名。熱軋H型鋼的翼緣比工字鋼寬、側(cè)向剛度大、抗彎能力強(qiáng)。同等規(guī)格下H型鋼理重較工字鋼輕。
8. H-shaped steel is an economical section steel with superior mechanical properties compared to I-shaped steel, named after its section shape that is the same as the English letter "H". The flange of hot-rolled H-beam is wider than that of I-beam, with greater lateral stiffness and stronger bending resistance. Under the same specifications, H-shaped steel has a lighter weight than I-shaped steel.
9. 工字鋼翼緣是變戴面靠腹板部厚，外部?。籋型鋼的翼緣是等戴面。
9. The flange of the I-shaped steel is thicker at the web part of the wearing surface and thinner on the outside; The flange of H-shaped steel is an equal wearing surface.
10. HW、HM、HN是H型鋼的通稱，H型鋼是焊制；HW、HM、HN是熱軋。
10. HW, HM, and HN are general terms for H-shaped steel, which is welded; HW, HM, and HN are hot-rolled.
11. HW是H型鋼高度和翼緣寬度基本相等；主要用于鋼筋砼框架結(jié)構(gòu)柱中鋼芯柱，也稱勁性鋼柱；在鋼結(jié)構(gòu)中主要用于柱。
11. HW means that the height and flange width of H-shaped steel are basically equal; Mainly used for steel core columns in reinforced concrete frame structures, also known as rigid steel columns; Mainly used for columns in steel structures.
12. HM是H型鋼高度和翼緣寬度比例大致為1.33~1.75；主要在鋼結(jié)構(gòu)中：用做鋼框架柱，在承受動力荷載的框架結(jié)構(gòu)中用做框架梁。例如：設(shè)備平臺。
12. HM is the ratio of H-beam height to flange width, which is approximately 1.33-1.75; Mainly used in steel structures: as steel frame columns, and as frame beams in frame structures under dynamic loads. For example: device platform.
13. HN 是H型鋼高度和翼緣寬度比例大于等于2，主要用于梁；工字鋼的用途相當(dāng)于HN型鋼。
13. HN refers to the ratio of H-shaped steel height to flange width greater than or equal to 2, mainly used for beams; The use of I-shaped steel is equivalent to that of HN shaped steel.
Thank you for reading. The source of this article is Jinan Section Steel. For more information and questions, please click http://m.plisse.cn We will continue to work hard to provide you with services. Thank you for your support!
魯公網(wǎng)安備 37018102000503號