1、全面的講應從焊工防護及順應性練習

1. In a comprehensive way, welder protection and compliance training should be carried out

鋼結構冬季施工現(xiàn)場焊接應采取哪些措施(1)焊工在低溫環(huán)境下舉行焊接前，需舉行低溫焊接技能理論教誨和低溫焊接順應性練習。

What measures should be taken for the welding of steel structure in winter construction site: (1) before welding in low temperature environment, the welder should hold the theoretical teaching of low-temperature welding skills and low-temperature welding compliance practice.

(2)焊工在正式焊接前，必須具備小我私家防寒用品，必須具備較長時間反抗寒冷的本領和防滑本領。

(2) Before welding, the welder must have personal cold protection products, and have the ability to resist the cold for a long time and anti-skid ability.

(3)低溫焊接對焊工的小我私家體力耗費較大，倒班時間得當收縮。

(3) Low temperature welding has great physical energy consumption on the welder, and the shift time should be reduced properly.

(4)低溫焊接操縱時，應設有專門監(jiān)護人，鋼結構代價對焊工的事情形態(tài)舉行監(jiān)控和判定，須要時應接納相應步伐包管焊接事情的順遂舉行和焊工人身寧靜。

(4) During the operation of low temperature welding, there should be a special guardian. The steel structure cost should monitor and judge the welder's situation. If necessary, it should accept the corresponding steps to ensure the smooth holding of welding matters and the safety of the welder.

(5)下雪氣候及雪后舉行高空焊接作業(yè)時，通道應設專人排除，特殊要打掃薄冰，以包管焊工的寧靜通行。

(5) When high-altitude welding operation is carried out in snowy climate and after snow, special personnel shall be assigned to remove the passageway. In particular, thin ice shall be cleaned to ensure the peaceful passage of welders.

濟南彩鋼瓦c型鋼結構

C-type steel structure of Jinan color steel tile

2、然后是鋼結構焊接裝備防護

2. Then the steel structure welding equipment protection

(1)焊機只管會合擺放在可挪動的焊機防護棚內(nèi)，使焊機在正溫形態(tài)下事情。

(1) The welding machine should be placed in the movable protective shed of the welding machine to make the welding machine work under the normal temperature.

(2)利用前，氣瓶應盡大概會合存放，確保氣體隨用隨有;氣瓶在利用時，應安排在焊機棚內(nèi)，實現(xiàn)正溫治理，包管液態(tài)氣正常氣化，使掩護氣體穩(wěn)固通暢。

(2) Before use, the gas cylinders should be stored together as far as possible to ensure that the gas is available at any time; when the gas cylinders are used, they should be arranged in the welding machine shed to realize the normal temperature control, ensure the normal gasification of liquid gas and make the shielding gas stable and smooth.

(3)濟南彩鋼瓦c型鋼結構冬季施工接納打仗式測溫儀控制預熱溫度，情況溫度利用平凡溫度計監(jiān)控。

(3) The winter construction of Jinan color steel tile C-type steel structure adopts the war type thermometer to control the preheating temperature, and the ordinary thermometer is used to monitor the temperature.

3、其次焊接質(zhì)料

3. Secondly, welding materials

(1)掩護氣體應利用純度為99.9%的CO2氣體，以包管焊接討論的抗裂功能。

(1) The shielding gas should use CO2 gas with purity of 99.9% to ensure the anti cracking function discussed in welding.

(2)嚴厲焊材庫的治理，焊條必須按尺度舉行烘干，烘干次數(shù)不得凌駕兩次，在氛圍中的袒露時間不得凌駕2h。

(2) Strictly control the welding material warehouse, the welding rod must be dried according to the scale, the drying times shall not exceed two times, and the exposure time in the atmosphere shall not exceed 2 hours.

(3)焊材庫內(nèi)必須備有脫濕裝備，焊材擺放應切合相干劃定。

(3) The welding material warehouse must be equipped with dehumidification equipment, and the welding materials should be placed in accordance with the relevant regulations.

(4)藥芯焊絲利用歷程中應接納防潮步伐，焊機上的焊絲防護罩必須保持殘缺，未用完的焊絲應實時送回焊材庫，防備受潮。

(4) In the course of using flux cored wire, moisture-proof step should be accepted. The protective cover of welding wire on the welding machine must be kept incomplete. The unused welding wire should be sent back to the welding material warehouse in real time to prevent moisture.

4、再有焊接要領及技能步伐

4. Welding essentials and skills

(1)預熱方法的設定：δ≥30mm，接納電加熱;δ≤25mm，接納火焰預熱。

(1) Setting of preheating method: when δ ≥ 30mm, electric heating is accepted; when δ ≤ 25mm, flame preheating is accepted.

(2)預熱溫度接納火焰加熱的次要目標是烤干焊接地區(qū)水氣，實現(xiàn)正溫焊接。烘烤范疇是焊縫雙方各50mm范疇，烘烤溫度為20～40℃。焊接時需一連施焊。

(2) The secondary goal of preheating temperature receiving flame heating is to dry the moisture in the welding area and realize normal temperature welding. The baking range is 50 mm on both sides of the weld, and the baking temperature is 20-40 ℃. Continuous welding is required during welding.

(3)在拘束度大的環(huán)境下，預熱溫度應進步15～30℃。沒有特別闡明時，實行上述劃定。

(3) The preheating temperature should be improved by 15 ~ 30 ℃ under the condition of high restraint. If there is no special explanation, the above-mentioned delimitation shall be implemented.

(4)差別板厚對接，預熱溫度應實行板厚較厚的鋼板預熱溫度。

(4) For butt joint of different plate thickness, the preheating temperature of thicker plate shall be adopted.

5、焊接情況詳細劃定

5. Detailed delimitation of welding conditions

(1)低溫焊接情況溫度范疇為0～-5℃，低于-5℃，需制止焊接作業(yè)。天天應選擇情況溫度大于0℃舉行焊接作業(yè)。

(1) In the case of low temperature welding, the temperature range is 0 ～ - 5 ℃, below - 5 ℃, it is necessary to stop welding operation. Welding operation should be carried out every day when the temperature is higher than 0 ℃.

(2)低溫焊接時需搭設防風安裝。

(2) Wind proof installation is required for low temperature welding.

(3)高空焊接作業(yè)時，防風安裝應精密保溫，特殊是防風棚底部應密實，防備沿焊道構成穿堂風，雨水、雪花嚴禁飄落在火熱的焊縫上。

(3) During high-altitude welding operation, wind proof installation should be precise and thermal insulation, especially the bottom of the windbreak shed should be dense to prevent the formation of ventilation along the weld bead. Rain and snow are not allowed to fall on the hot weld.

(4)雪天及雪后舉行作業(yè)時，應接納火焰對焊接地區(qū)舉行除濕處置懲罰。

(4) In case of operation in snowy days and after snow, the flame shall be accepted to dehumidify the welding area.